ABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a efetividade de uma intervenção educacional de enfermagem para redução da hiperfosfatemia em pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise. Método: estudo quase experimental realizado com 63 pacientes hiperfosfatêmicos em hemodiálise. A intervenção se constituiu em orientar e disponibilizar um manual impresso e ilustrado aos pacientes, contendo informações sobre o controle da doença. Foi solicitado o preenchimento de um checklist diário, com finalidade recordatória dos aspectos abordados no manual. Os exames laboratoriais e a intensidade do prurido foram analisados no início do estudo, aos 30 e 60 dias após a intervenção educacional. Resultados: a média de idade dos participantes foi 58±13,1 anos e tempo de tratamento de 51,1±44,7 meses. Houve redução dos valores séricos do fósforo de 7,06±1,43 para 5,80±1,53 (p<0,001) e da intensidade do prurido após a intervenção. Conclusão: a Intervenção Educacional de Enfermagem foi efetiva para redução do fosfato e diminuição do prurido nos pacientes hiperfosfatêmicos.
RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia de una intervención educativa de enfermería para reducir hiperfosfatemia en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en hemodiálisis. Método: estudio cuasi-experimental con 63 pacientes en hemodiálisis con hiperfosfatemia. La intervención consistió en guiar los pacientes y proporcionar un manual impreso e ilustrado con informaciones sobre el control de la enfermedad. Se solicitó completar una lista de verificación todos los días con el propósito de recordar los aspectos tratados en el manual. Se analizaron las pruebas de laboratorio y la intensidad del picor al inicio del estudio, 30 y 60 días después de la intervención educativa. Resultados: la edad promedio de los participantes fue 58±13,1 años y el tiempo de tratamiento fue 51,1±44,7 meses. Hubo reducción de los valores séricos de fósforo de 7,06±1,43 para 5,80±1,53 (p<0,001) y de la intensidad del picor después de la intervención. Conclusión: la intervención educativa de enfermería fue eficaz en la reducción de fosfato y disminución del picor en pacientes con hiperfosfatemia.
ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational nursing intervention to reduce hyperphosphataemia in chronic renal patients on hemodialysis. Method: quasi-experimental study with 63 hyperphosphatemic patients on hemodialysis. The intervention consisted of developing and providing a printed and illustrated manual to patients containing information on disease control. The participant was asked to complete a daily checklist with the aim to reinforce aspects provided in the manual. Laboratory tests and itching intensity were analyzed at the beginning of the study, and at 30 and 60 days after the educational intervention. Results: the mean age of participants was 58±13.1 years, with a treatment time of 51.1±44.7 months. A reduction in serum phosphorus values of 7.06 ± 1.43 to 5.80 ± 1.53 (p <0.001) and the intensity of itching after the intervention was observed. Conclusion: the educational nursing intervention was effective in reducing phosphate and decreasing itching in hyperphosphatemic patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Teaching/standards , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Hyperphosphatemia/prevention & control , Renal Dialysis/standards , Education, Nursing, Continuing/methods , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Hyperphosphatemia/etiology , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Tumoral Calcinosis (TC) is a rare disease of obscure aetiology. In its classic form, it is characterised by solitary or multiple large foci of mineralisation in the soft tissue adjacent to the bone around large joints in the absence of disorders of calcium metabolism and visceral calcification. We present a rare case of tumoral Calcinosis associated with hyperphosphataemia in a 27-year old Sudanese woman. Histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of tumoral calcinosis. Laboratory investigations showed hyperphosphataemia with normal levels of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH). The patient was treated successfully with surgical excision and acetazolamide.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of medically activated charcoal on serum phosphorus level and calcium-phosphorus products in dialysis patients with poorly controlled hyperphosphatemia. Methods A single-center,prospective,self-controlled study was performed.Medically activated charcoal was administered 4.5-7.2 g per day with meals for three months to hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia after taking calcium-based phosphate binders.The levels of blood phosphorus,calcium,calcium-phosphorus products,intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH),albumin and hemoglobin were detected before and after the treatment.The results were analyzed using paired t-test. Results After 3 months of treatment,the patients' serum phosphorus level was significantly reduced from (2.16 ±0.34) mmol/L (pretreatment) to (1.85±0.30) mmol/L (post-treatment) (P＜0.01).Similarly,the serum calciumphosphorus products were lowered from pre-treatment level of (63.93 ±8.83) mg2/dl2 to posttreatment of (54.12±8.37) mg2/dl2 (P＜0.01).Serum albumin level was slightly reduced from (41.7±2.9) g/L to (40.1±2.2) g/L (P=0.001).In contrast,there were no significant changes in serum calcium and iPTH levels when compared pre- to post-treatment values (P=0.734 and P=0.665,repectively). Conclusion In combination with calcium-based phosphate binder therapy,oral medically activated charcoal can effectively reduce the levels of blood phosphorus and calciumphosphorus products in dialysis patients with refractory hyperphosphatemia.
ABSTRACT
Familial hypoparathyroidism is a rare cause of hypoparathyroidism. It may be x-linked recessive, autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. In autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism there is activating mutation of the calcium sensing receptor leading to inhibition of Parathormone (PTH) secretion at inappropriately low serum ionized calcium level. The disease often manifests in the first decade but may appear later. Clinical signs primarily involving neuromuscular disturbances including generalized seizure. Management of pregnancy in hypoparathyroidism is challenging as both under treatment and over treatment is dangerous for fetus. Treatment of hypoparathyroidism in pregnancy includes combination of oral calcium supplementation with calcitriol with an aim to keep serum calcium within normal range. Here we discussed a case of 21 year pregnant lady with familial hypoparathyroidism with successful delivery of a healthy baby.
ABSTRACT
Objetivos: La hiperfosfatasemia transitoria benigna de la infancia (HTI) describe un aumento temporal pero significativo de las fosfatasas alcalinas (FA) séricas en niños y adolescentes, sin enfermedad hepática u ósea, que se normalizan semanas o meses después. Presentación de dos casos de HTI.Métodos: Se presentan las características clínicas, de laboratorio, la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) y se realiza revisión de la literatura.Casos Clínicos: Se estudiaron dos casos de HTI. Caso clínico 1. Niña de 7.6 años con antecedente de artritis reumatoide infantil y déficit ponderal. Los últimos 4 meses ha sufrido infección respiratoria de vías altas, sin otras alteraciones clínicas, bioquímicas, ni densitométricas, excepto los valores de FA (1650U/L), logrando normalización de FA (240 U/L) al año de seguimiento. Caso clínico 2. Niño de 10,1 años, con sobrepeso sin patologías previas y niveles altos de FA (1200 U/L), con evolución favorable y espontánea a los 8 meses (260 U/L) Conclusiónes: La HTI es una enfermedad autolimitada y benigna que se resuelve espontáneamente. Afecta a los niños, sin evidencia clínica o de laboratorio de trastorno óseo, hepático o endocrino. Cursa con elevación de las FA que pueden llegar a ser 3-20 veces por encima de los valores normales para la edad, y la mayoría de las veces, se normalizan antes de los 4 meses. La etiología es desconocida, pero su hallazgo en el contexto de virosis respiratorias y gastrointestinales indica una probable etiología infecciosa. Conocer la benignidad de esta entidad es determinante para evitar exploraciones complementarias innecesarias a nuestros pacientes.
Objective: To report two cases of benign transient hyperphosphatasemia of infancy (BTHI). Methods: Clinical, laboratory finding and bone mineral density (BMD) results are presented and the literature about BHTI is reviewed.Clinical Cases: We studied two cases of BHTI. Case 1. Girl of 7.6 years old with a history of rheumatoid arthritis and weight deficit. The last 4 months she has suffered upper respiratory tract infection, without other clinical, biochemical, or densitometric alteration except for high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values (1650 U/L). ALP values were normalized spontaneously one year later. Case 2. Male child of 10.1 years old, overweight, without personal pathologies, with high levels of ALP (1200U/L) wich showed a favorable and spontaneous normalization at 8 months (260 U/L).Conclusions: The BHTI is a benign self-limited disease that resolves spontaneously, without clinical or labora-tory evidence of bone, liver or endocrine disorder. It courses with elevation of ALP, 3-20 times above normal values for age, and most of the time are normalized within 4 months. The exact etiology is unknown, but their finding in the context of respiratory and gastrointestinal viruses, indicates a probable infectious etiology. The BTHI should be considered in the diagnostic evaluation of hyperphosphatasemia in order to avoid unneces-sary tests.